About NSG

Background:
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) was signed in 1968 to prevent spread of nuclear materials, technology and weapons so as to develop co-operation among the nations. This treaty was signed by a total of 191 countries except India, South Sudan, Israel and Pakistan. This treaty recognized two groups of countries namely the Nuclear Weapon States ( NWS) comprising US, UK ,China,France and Russia and the other being Non Nuclear Weapon States ( NNWS).



As per this treaty:

NWS member countries had to commit for the complete nuclear disarmament

NNWS agreed to let go the developing or acquiring of nuclear weapons.


Reasons for India and other countries did not signed in NWS:
India and the rest of the countries dint sign this as they must dismantle all nuclear weapons and place them under international safeguards to become a NNWS member. Indian foreign policy was against this keeping in mind security concerns, for dismantling all our nuclear weapons will makes us more vulnerable if any untoward thing happens in the future.

Origin and Purpose:

NSG is a multinational body concerned with reducing nuclear proliferation by controlling the export and re-transfer of materials that may be used for development of nuclear weapons. NSG also sets global rules for international trade in nuclear energy technology.
It was set up in 1974 as a reaction to India’s first successful nuclear tests at Pokhran (Code Name - Smiling Buddha ) conducted on 18 May 1974, to stop so called misuse of nuclear material meant for peaceful purposes.

Number of Members of NSG: 48 Numbers

Why is India seeking to become a member of NSG ?
1. India wants to become a player in this international arena where nuclear commerce norms are laid.
2. If India becomes a member it will have better international market for export as well as for import of nuclear related materials.
3. For building nuclear reactors, for providing energy we need nuclear materials. By becoming a member of NSG we can have better access of nuclear materials .
4. All nuclear based programmes of India is being run on indigenous technology. By becoming a member of NSG we will have access to sophisticated foreign technologies.
5. By becoming a member India can also sell it's Indigineous technology thereby giving ' Make In India' a face-lift.
6. Clean Energy - India is committed to reduce it's dependence on fossil fuels and scale up nuclear power production.

List of Current Participating Countries in NSG are:
1. ARGENTINA,
2. AUSTRALIA
3. AUSTRIA
4. BELARUS
5. BELGIUM
6. BRAZIL
7. BULGARIA
8. CANADA
9. CHINA
10.CROATIA
11. CYPRUS
12. CZECH REPUBLIC
13. DENMARK
14. ESTONIA
15. FINLAND
16. FRANCE
17. GERMANY
18. GREECE
19. HUNGARY
20. ICELAND
21. IRELAND
22. ITALY
23. JAPAN
24. KAZAKHSTAN
25. REPUBLIC OF KOREA
26. LATVIA
27. LITHUANIA
28. LUXEMBOURG
29. MALTA
30. MEXICO
31. NETHERLANDS
32. NEW ZEALAND
33. NORWAY, POLAND
34. PORTUGAL
35. ROMANIA
36. RUSSIAN FEDERATION
37. SERBIA
38. SLOVAKIA
39. SLOVENIA
40. SOUTH AFRICA
41. SPAIN, SWEDEN
42. SWITZERLAND
43. TURKEY
44. UKRAINE
45. UNITED KINGDOM
46. UNITED STATES
47 & 48. The European Commission and the Chair of the Zangger Committee participate as
observers.